Inter-connected pipes that convey pressurized liquid make up the spine of hydraulic power systems. The transmission of the liquid takes power from a source and uses it to activate hydraulic kit. This particular sort of power system was very popular in the 19th century for factory use, especially with central steam engines or water-driven system.
The story of the hydraulic power system starts with a locksmith called Joseph Bramah. In 1812 he registered a patent for a water supply network. While meant for public use, there had been a provision for high pressure water transport specifically aimed toward providing power to machines. The system he designed included pressure valves that regulated and shielded the system. In effect this is exactly how a finished hydraulic power system worked, once completed.
Next in our cast of characters is William Armstrong who was testing a selection of water machines specifically with the objective of representing the Whittle Dene Water Company. As the delegated secretary, Armstrong indicated that dock cranes could run on hydraulic power if converted properly. He paid for that conversion personally utilizing the public water supply. Once successful in making a steam-powered crane, the company gave him more orders for which he was paid. From here cranes were developed with accumulator that reduced water volumes, operating times and reduced the number of employees needed for operation. It is a win-win.
By 1876 the Hull Hydraulic Power company commenced supplying power in England. They laid over 2 miles of 6 ' pipe along a stream hooked up to a pumping station. A close-by bridge received hydraulic power from this system as were many cranes and dock gates - perfect for ship-building. That system remained a firm presence until bombs damaged the infrastructure beyond fix in the 2nd World War.
In 1883 the London Hydraulic Power Company started making a city-wide network for public hydraulic power. The Thames provided water for the heavy machines, gates and cranes. By the late 1920s this system powered upward of 8,000 machines. This system used steam till the 1950s when stations slowly started changing to electricity. As with Hull, the London company fell on tough times thanks to the war and finally closed its doors in 1977.
That actually failed to end the tale of hydraulics but it is a blast from history that gives us a better feel for how numerous systems developed and the reason why they were important to commercial progress.
The story of the hydraulic power system starts with a locksmith called Joseph Bramah. In 1812 he registered a patent for a water supply network. While meant for public use, there had been a provision for high pressure water transport specifically aimed toward providing power to machines. The system he designed included pressure valves that regulated and shielded the system. In effect this is exactly how a finished hydraulic power system worked, once completed.
Next in our cast of characters is William Armstrong who was testing a selection of water machines specifically with the objective of representing the Whittle Dene Water Company. As the delegated secretary, Armstrong indicated that dock cranes could run on hydraulic power if converted properly. He paid for that conversion personally utilizing the public water supply. Once successful in making a steam-powered crane, the company gave him more orders for which he was paid. From here cranes were developed with accumulator that reduced water volumes, operating times and reduced the number of employees needed for operation. It is a win-win.
By 1876 the Hull Hydraulic Power company commenced supplying power in England. They laid over 2 miles of 6 ' pipe along a stream hooked up to a pumping station. A close-by bridge received hydraulic power from this system as were many cranes and dock gates - perfect for ship-building. That system remained a firm presence until bombs damaged the infrastructure beyond fix in the 2nd World War.
In 1883 the London Hydraulic Power Company started making a city-wide network for public hydraulic power. The Thames provided water for the heavy machines, gates and cranes. By the late 1920s this system powered upward of 8,000 machines. This system used steam till the 1950s when stations slowly started changing to electricity. As with Hull, the London company fell on tough times thanks to the war and finally closed its doors in 1977.
That actually failed to end the tale of hydraulics but it is a blast from history that gives us a better feel for how numerous systems developed and the reason why they were important to commercial progress.
About the Author:
Todd Smith is the owner of Power Systems Inc of Florida, an association that works with motion control and hydraulic power units in it's Florida location.
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