Different Types Of Microphones

Written By Admin on Jumat, 01 November 2013 | 02.17

By Daniel Pay


Whenever I tend to shoot my projects, I get carried away in the excitement of the planning in the pre-production stages, with brainstorming, scripting and storyboarding. Then whilst shooting it becomes the need to get that perfect shot in short time frame. Then in the post-production stage it is about making what has been filmed look aesthetically pleasing to the audience, this is the time to make sure that the footage we have is correct and that it is something that the consumer will be interested in and be able to follow. However, it is also at this stage in post-production and editing whereby the quality of sound is most obvious.

In pre and post-production stages of a project usually what is viewed as the most important feature is the visual imagery. Focusing on the brainstorming, scripting and storyboarding, getting carried away with this aspect of the pre-production and forgetting at times about the planning and testing that would be needed for sound. Sound is just as important as the visual side of things. It would be no use to have an amazing visuals and narrative, and then incoherent sound. This would render the whole project useless, and call for it all to be reshot again with better quality, wasting time and money.

I am going to discuss the four types of microphones mentioned in the video blog, starting with the shotgun microphone, which is the most directional, meaning it picks up the sound extremely well at what it is pointing at, but is significantly less sensitive to the side and the back of the microphone. This can be seen as both a positive and negative, because it means that they do not pick up surrounding audio, focusing only on what it is pointing at. This makes them good for use on boom poles, meaning they are most commonly used on television and film sets.

Similar to shotgun microphones, cardioid ones pick up sound only from the front however it is less sensitive than the shotguns microphones, instead making them good for live vocals. And unlike shotgun microphones, bi-directional ones pick up audio equally from both the back and the front. Lastly, they also discuss the Lavalier microphone, this one is the most portable out of the four mentioned in the video, and it clips onto the subject, making it ideal for interviews. They are discrete as they can be clipped onto clothing and hidden, nevertheless they continue to pick up speech very clearly. They can come either as wireless or wired, both having benefits of their own. Wireless meaning that it allows for even more portability, cable free, whereas wired microphones mean that you do not need to mess about and worry about audio channels or batteries. Other key situations to use the Lavalier microphone would be theatre and for public speaking situations.

This blog post has given a brief introduction into the different types of microphones, however this still demonstrates the importance of planning the audio and ensuring the correct microphone is used to complete the project.




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